Amsterdam, the Netherlands I 10-11 May 2023 Program Committee Mauro Costa-Mattioli Baylor College of Medicine, USA John F. Cryan University College Cork, Ireland Rochellys Diaz Heijtz Karolinska Institutet, SwedenUniversity of Rouen Normandy, France Jane Foster McMaster University, Canada Saskia van Hemert Winclove Probiotics, the Netherlands Elaine Hsiao University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), USA Eldin Jasarevic University of Maryland School of Medicine, USA Michiel Kleerebezem Wageningen University, the Netherlands Aletta Kraneveld Utrecht University, the Netherlands Marion Leboyer University Paris Est Créteil, France Sylvie Binda Lallemand Health Solutions, France Filip Scheperjans Helsinki University Hospital, Finland Jonathan Swann Imperial College London, UK